Question 1

What class of enzyme is the human desaturase enzyme?

Accepted Answer

A)   isomerase
B)   oxidoreductase
C)   ATPase
D)   transferaseE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

Which is found in the ketone body pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)   succinyl-CoA.
B)   propionyl-CoA.
C)   dihydroxyacetone phosphate.
D)   hydroxybutyrate.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

The rate-limiting step of cholesterol synthesis involves controlling the fate of HMG-CoA.What other pathways is HMG-CoA involved in?

Accepted Answer

HMG-CoA could be con...

Question 4

Which correctly describes the synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine?

Accepted Answer

A)   Activated ethanolamine is added to a phosphatidic acid precursor.
B)   Phosphatidylserine is decarboxylated.
C)   Diacylglycerol is activated by CTP.
D)   Triacylglycerol is phosphorylated with ATP.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Which enzyme catalyzes the rate-limiting step of cholesterol synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)   cholesterol synthase
B)   HMG-CoA reductase
C)   thiolase
D)   HMG-CoA synthaseE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 6

The synthesis of fatty acids requires which cofactor?

Accepted Answer

A)   FADH2
B)   NADH
C)   thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) 
D)   NADPHE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 7

Starting from the 6C fatty acyl-CoA molecule shown below,draw the reactants and products,including all cofactors used for one round of the  
-oxidation pathway and list the enzyme types involved in each step.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Starting from the 6C fatty acyl-CoA molecule...

Question 8

Identify the molecular components of the following lipoprotein.

Accepted Answer

(A)Cholesterol,(B)tr...

Question 9

How many high-energy FADH2 and NADH molecules,respectively,are made from each pass through the 2 and NADH molecules,respectively,are made from each pass through the   -oxidation pathway? A)  1 FADH2; 2 NADH B)  1 FADH2; 0 NADH C)  0 FADH2; 2 NADH D)  1 FADH2; 1 NADH" class="answers-bank-image d-inline" rel="preload" > -oxidation pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)   1 FADH2; 2 NADH
B)   1 FADH2; 0 NADH
C)   0 FADH2; 2 NADH
D)   1 FADH2; 1 NADHE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 10

What enzyme class catalyzes the following reaction? (Note that there may be some missing reactants and products.)

Accepted Answer

A)   lyase
B)   hydrolase
C)   transferase
D)   dehydrogenaseE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 11

Why is the fatty acid oxidation pathway also referred to as the + and FAD as cofactors. C)  A carbon atom that is two carbons away from the carboxylic acid end of the fatty acid chain is oxidized. D)  The resulting products are referred to as   -bodies." class="answers-bank-image d-inline" rel="preload" > -oxidation pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)   The carbon adjacent to the fatty acyl-CoA reacts with oxygen.
B)   The pathway utilizes NAD+ and FAD as cofactors.
C)   A carbon atom that is two carbons away from the carboxylic acid end of the fatty acid chain is oxidized.
D)   The resulting products are referred to as + and FAD as cofactors. 
C)   A carbon atom that is two carbons away from the carboxylic acid end of the fatty acid chain is oxidized. 
D)   The resulting products are referred to as   -bodies." class="answers-bank-image d-inline" rel="preload" >-bodies.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Draw the overall balanced reaction for the breakdown of palmitic acid (16:0)to give all acetyl-CoA products.Please include all cofactors involved in the process.

Accepted Answer

palmitate + 7 NAD⁺ ...

Question 13

What molecule is the odd chain fatty acid product propionyl-CoA converted into?

Accepted Answer

A)   butyryl-CoA
B)   succinyl-CoA
C)   citrate
D)   palmitateE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

All of the following are metabolic fates of cholesterol EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   the majority of cholesterol is catabolized to bile salts.
B)   cholesterol may be present in membranes.
C)   cholesterol is a precursor for nucleotides.
D)   steroids are derived from cholesterol.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

What is the cellular location of the fatty acid oxidation pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)   cytoplasm
B)   peroxisome
C)   mitochondrial matrix
D)   smooth endoplasmic reticulumE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 16

The introduction of 14CO2 into a cell actively synthesizing fatty acids results in 14C labeled

Accepted Answer

A)   malonyl-CoA.
B)   acetyl-CoA.
C)   acyl-CoA.
D)   palmitate.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

How do we deal with the double bonds during the degradation of unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A)   Convert the three-carbon propionyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA and feed it into the TCA cycle.
B)   Converge them with the TCA cycle to produce acetyl-CoAs.
C)   Isomerize the position of the double bonds to converge them with the -oxidation pathway.
D)   Reduce them to single bonds and feed the saturated fatty acid into the -oxidation pathway.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

Describe the roles of the citrate shuttle with regards to the fat synthesis pathway.

Accepted Answer

The citrate shuttle moves acetyl-CoA fro...

Question 19

Which lipid is thought to give rise to the plaques that can clog arteries?

Accepted Answer

A)   HDL
B)   LDL
C)   VLDL
D)   chylomicronsE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 20

Describe the metabolic conditions under which ketone bodies are produced.

Accepted Answer

When carbohydrate levels run low,typical...

Exam 16: Lipid Metabolism

Which correctly describes the synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The introduction of 14CO2 into a cell actively synthesizing fatty acids results in 14C labeled

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The rate-limiting step of cholesterol synthesis involves controlling the fate of HMG-CoA.What other pathways is HMG-CoA involved in?

Correct AnswerverifiedHMG-CoA could be con...View AnswerShow Answer

Describe the metabolic conditions under which ketone bodies are produced.

Correct AnswerverifiedWhen carbohydrate levels run low,typical...View AnswerShow Answer

How do we deal with the double bonds during the degradation of unsaturated fatty acids?

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The synthesis of fatty acids requires which cofactor?

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Which lipid is thought to give rise to the plaques that can clog arteries?

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What molecule is the odd chain fatty acid product propionyl-CoA converted into?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are metabolic fates of cholesterol EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Draw the overall balanced reaction for the breakdown of palmitic acid (16:0)to give all acetyl-CoA products.Please include all cofactors involved in the process.

Correct Answerverifiedpalmitate + 7 NAD+ ...View AnswerShow Answer

What class of enzyme is the human desaturase enzyme?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How many high-energy FADH2 and NADH molecules,respectively,are made from each pass through the -oxidation pathway?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the cellular location of the fatty acid oxidation pathway?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What enzyme class catalyzes the following reaction? (Note that there may be some missing reactants and products.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is found in the ketone body pathway?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Starting from the 6C fatty acyl-CoA molecule shown below,draw the reactants and products,including all cofactors used for one round of the -oxidation pathway and list the enzyme types involved in each step.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the roles of the citrate shuttle with regards to the fat synthesis pathway.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe citrate shuttle moves acetyl-CoA fro...View AnswerShow Answer

Why is the fatty acid oxidation pathway also referred to as the -oxidation pathway?

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Identify the molecular components of the following lipoprotein.

Correct Answerverified(A)Cholesterol,(B)tr...View AnswerShow Answer

Which enzyme catalyzes the rate-limiting step of cholesterol synthesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The introduction of ¹⁴CO₂ into a cell actively synthesizing fatty acids results in ¹⁴C labeled

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HMG-CoA could be con...
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When carbohydrate levels run low,typical...
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palmitate + 7 NAD⁺ ...
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How many high-energy FADH₂ and NADH molecules,respectively,are made from each pass through the -oxidation pathway?

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The citrate shuttle moves acetyl-CoA fro...
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(A)Cholesterol,(B)tr...
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